The mechanical movement is combine by few main parts.
Hand-setting mechanism
Winding mechanism
Power
Geartrain
Escapement
Display
Hand-setting mechanism
Hand setting mechanism is working by the winding stem(4). You can winding the mainspring and also time setting by changing the position of the stem.
Winding mechanism
There are two type of winding
Hand Winding - Spinning the winding stem to winding the mainspring
Auto Winding - Auto winding mechanism as the photo. Your body movement will spinning the rotor(31) to winding the mainspring. But you can still use hand winding on automatic watch, It can transfer power is both way.
Power
All the power of mechanical movement is store in the mainspring in barrel by winding.
Power reserve time is effected by the length of mainspring.
Generally, the power reserve is about 38 hours to 50 hours.
Geartrain
Geartrain is combine by few main wheel.
Escape wheel(9)
Intermediate wheel(10)
Third wheel(11)
Second wheel(12)
Geartrain get power from the barrel and transfer to escapement.
Escapement
Escapement can relieve the power slowly and control the time of the watch. There are 3 main parts.
Pallet fork(21)
Balance Wheel(23)
Escape wheel(9)
Display
Dial and Hands can show you the time. There are some special watch can show time in difference way.
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